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证书和回调报文解密
为了保证安全性，微信支付在回调通知和平台证书下载接口中，对关键信息进行了AES-256-GCM加密。本章节详细介绍了加密报文的格式，以及如何进行解密。
加密报文格式
对于加密的数据，我们使用了一个独立的JSON对象来表示。为了方便阅读，示例做了Pretty格式化，并加入了注释。
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{
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"original_type": "transaction", // 加密前的对象类型
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"algorithm":"AEAD_AES_256_GCM", // 加密算法
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// Base64编码后的密文
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"ciphertext": "...",
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// 加密使用的随机串初始化向量）
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"nonce": "...",
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// 附加数据包（可能为空字符串）
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"associated_data": ""
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}
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加密的随机串，跟签名时使用的随机串没有任何关系，是不一样的。
解密
大部分编程语言（较新版本）都支持了
AEAD_AES_256_GCM。开发者可以参考下列的示例，了解如何使用您的编程语言实现解密。Java
PHP
.NET
Python
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import java.io.IOException;
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import java.security.GeneralSecurityException;
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import java.security.InvalidAlgorithmParameterException;
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import java.security.InvalidKeyException;
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import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
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import java.util.Base64;
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import javax.crypto.Cipher;
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import javax.crypto.NoSuchPaddingException;
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import javax.crypto.spec.GCMParameterSpec;
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import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
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public class AesUtil {
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static final int KEY_LENGTH_BYTE = 32;
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static final int TAG_LENGTH_BIT = 128;
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private final byte[] aesKey;
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public AesUtil(byte[] key) {
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if (key.length != KEY_LENGTH_BYTE) {
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throw new IllegalArgumentException("无效的ApiV3Key，长度必须为32个字节");
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}
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this.aesKey = key;
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}
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public String decryptToString(byte[] associatedData, byte[] nonce, String ciphertext)
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throws GeneralSecurityException, IOException {
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try {
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Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance("AES/GCM/NoPadding");
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SecretKeySpec key = new SecretKeySpec(aesKey, "AES");
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GCMParameterSpec spec = new GCMParameterSpec(TAG_LENGTH_BIT, nonce);
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cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, spec);
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cipher.updateAAD(associatedData);
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return new String(cipher.doFinal(Base64.getDecoder().decode(ciphertext)), "utf-8");
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} catch (NoSuchAlgorithmException | NoSuchPaddingException e) {
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throw new IllegalStateException(e);
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} catch (InvalidKeyException | InvalidAlgorithmParameterException e) {
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throw new IllegalArgumentException(e);
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}
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}
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}
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class AesUtil
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{
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/**
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* AES key
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*
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* @var string
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*/
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private $aesKey;
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const KEY_LENGTH_BYTE = 32;
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const AUTH_TAG_LENGTH_BYTE = 16;
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/**
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* Constructor
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*/
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public function __construct($aesKey)
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{
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if (strlen($aesKey) != self::KEY_LENGTH_BYTE) {
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throw new InvalidArgumentException('无效的ApiV3Key，长度应为32个字节');
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}
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$this->aesKey = $aesKey;
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}
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/**
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* Decrypt AEAD_AES_256_GCM ciphertext
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*
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* @param string $associatedData AES GCM additional authentication data
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* @param string $nonceStr AES GCM nonce
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* @param string $ciphertext AES GCM cipher text
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*
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* @return string|bool Decrypted string on success or FALSE on failure
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*/
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public function decryptToString($associatedData, $nonceStr, $ciphertext)
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{
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$ciphertext = \base64_decode($ciphertext);
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if (strlen($ciphertext) <= self::AUTH_TAG_LENGTH_BYTE) {
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return false;
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}
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// ext-sodium (default installed on >= PHP 7.2)
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if (function_exists('\sodium_crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available') &&
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\sodium_crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available()) {
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return \sodium_crypto_aead_aes256gcm_decrypt($ciphertext, $associatedData, $nonceStr, $this->aesKey);
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}
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// ext-libsodium (need install libsodium-php 1.x via pecl)
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if (function_exists('\Sodium\crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available') &&
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\Sodium\crypto_aead_aes256gcm_is_available()) {
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return \Sodium\crypto_aead_aes256gcm_decrypt($ciphertext, $associatedData, $nonceStr, $this->aesKey);
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}
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// openssl (PHP >= 7.1 support AEAD)
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if (PHP_VERSION_ID >= 70100 && in_array('aes-256-gcm', \openssl_get_cipher_methods())) {
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$ctext = substr($ciphertext, 0, -self::AUTH_TAG_LENGTH_BYTE);
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$authTag = substr($ciphertext, -self::AUTH_TAG_LENGTH_BYTE);
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return \openssl_decrypt($ctext, 'aes-256-gcm', $this->aesKey, \OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $nonceStr,
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$authTag, $associatedData);
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}
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throw new \RuntimeException('AEAD_AES_256_GCM需要PHP 7.1以上或者安装libsodium-php');
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}
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}
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public class AesGcm
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{
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private static string ALGORITHM = "AES/GCM/NoPadding";
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private static int TAG_LENGTH_BIT = 128;
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private static int NONCE_LENGTH_BYTE = 12;
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private static string AES_KEY = "yourkeyhere";
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public static string AesGcmDecrypt(string associatedData, string nonce, string ciphertext)
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{
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GcmBlockCipher gcmBlockCipher = new GcmBlockCipher(new AesEngine());
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AeadParameters aeadParameters = new AeadParameters(
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new KeyParameter(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(AES_KEY)),
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128,
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Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(nonce),
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Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(associatedData));
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gcmBlockCipher.Init(false, aeadParameters);
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byte[] data = Convert.FromBase64String(ciphertext);
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byte[] plaintext = new byte[gcmBlockCipher.GetOutputSize(data.Length)];
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int length = gcmBlockCipher.ProcessBytes(data, 0, data.Length, plaintext, 0);
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gcmBlockCipher.DoFinal(plaintext, length);
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return Encoding.UTF8.GetString(plaintext);
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}
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}
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from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.ciphers.aead import AESGCM
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import base64
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def decrypt(nonce, ciphertext, associated_data):
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key = "Your32Apiv3Key"
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key_bytes = str.encode(key)
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nonce_bytes = str.encode(nonce)
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ad_bytes = str.encode(associated_data)
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data = base64.b64decode(ciphertext)
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aesgcm = AESGCM(key_bytes)
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return aesgcm.decrypt(nonce_bytes, data, ad_bytes)
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最近更新 3mo ago